How Does Infection Enter the Body? Essay

How does infection enter the body? Infection control is about controlling the spread of communicable diseases between people. Some of the individuals we support will be particularly vulnerable to infection and this means you need to be extra vigilant! In order to spread infection, there needs to be a source, a host, a means of transmission and a point of entry. The source could be a person or the surroundings; the host is the person at risk. Transmission could be through contact with another person, equipment, food and drink or pests. The point of entry could be through breathing, eating, drinking, cuts, wounds or medical procedures like catheters or injections. The five main routes are: * Contact – * Direct transmission involves direct body surface-to-body surface contact and physical transfer of microorganisms from an infected or colonised person to a susceptible host. This may occur between patient and carer during patient care that involves direct personal contact, or between any two persons (patients, carers, others) in the health care setting. * Indirect transmission involves the contamination of an inanimate object (such as instruments or dressings) by an infected or colonised person. The contaminated item or environment may then transmit the infection to a susceptible host via contact. * Droplet – Coughing, sneezing and talking can generate droplets. Procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy are also a source of droplets. Transmission occurs when an infected or colonised person generates droplets containing microorganisms which are propelled a short distance through the air and deposited on the conjunctivae, nasal mucosa or mouth of a host. Droplets do not remain suspended in the air; so special air handling and ventilation are not required to prevent droplet transmission. * Airborne – transmission occurs when either airborne droplet nuclei or dust particles disseminate infectious agents. * Common vehicle – Common vehicle transmission applies to micro-organisms transmitted by contaminated items such as food, water, medications, devices and equipment. * Vector borne transmission – Vector-borne transmission occurs when vectors such as insects (mosquitoes, flies) or vermin (rats, mice) transmit microorganisms; Sometimes a microorganism can be transmitted by more than one route. With our clients there are additional points of  entry – the stoma sites and it is your responsibility as a HCSW to prevent cross contamination and promote good infection control procedures. The following diagram outlines how following the practices and protocols put in place by the company can help to ensure infection is not introduced by breaking the chain of infection by being conscious of your actions – safeguarding the health of yourself, your clients and others.

Amelie †Intercultural Film Review Essay

Amelie is a French movie about a young twenty something girl who’s world opened up to her when her mother dies and she is allowed to venture out. After a health misdiagnoses at a young child Amelie is stranded in her home away from all people and relationships until her mother passes away and she finds herself free. She becomes a waitress and decides to help all the people around her until one day she herself finds love. This film shows a French cultural pattern where the people are open minded, whimsical, unique, and quirky. The main character Amelie, wants to get the most out of her life. She takes the viewer on a path through a series of subplots where she is trying to help people that surround her find happiness and joy. Paris and the people of France are shown in a whimsical and fairytale environment. All the while, Amelie, is removed from all human contact which makes for an interesting film if one is attempting to view this film through the lens of interpersonal communi cation. All the communicating in the movie is done through the use of metaphors, scheme, plots, tricks, and the like. It’s interesting because Amelie doesn’t directly communicate with people even though she is not anti-social. She is very social and likes to help people but she does so almost exclusively nonverbally. One exception to this is when Amelie helps a blind man to cross a busy street and, opposite to her normally silent nonverbal character, she proceeds to very quickly describe everything that she sees and everything that is happening to the blind man in exceptional detail. This is done as an act of kindness for someone who can’t see and not as a form of actual or real communication. All real communication in this movie, is done in a childlike fashion of cat and mouse. It feels almost like interpersonal communication in this movie is a game that is not to be taken seriously. When Amelie finds a boy that she is romantically interested in, she finds herself needing to communicate with him only from a distance. Amelie once again plays one of her games in order to conceal her identity. Nino, the object of Amelie’s affection, is a boy who collects old photos from an old photo booth. The use of pictures in this movie is overwhelming and must have some reason behind it. Itâ€℠¢s almost as if the characters are communicating through the pictures rather than with words. Even when Amelie was quickly describing the surrounding to the blind man she was helping across the street, it was as if she was creating a picture in his mind so he could connect with her. Perhaps Amelie can only  communicate through imagery like metaphors and photographs because she spent her entire childhood alone with only her parents because they thought she was too ill to be around others. I have mixed feelings about this film because I can appreciate a good romantic comedy and I understand the feeling the director was trying to create but I’m not a fan of the fanciful fairytale romances which I think this movie falls into. I would have preferred a movie with a real underlining tone and I could do without all the whimsy. Amelie felt like a child in a woman’s body, not unlike 13 going on 30 ¸ and for me the doe eyed cutesy character began to wear on me and I found myself more annoyed than anything by the end. The setting is Paris, but not the real Paris but rat her a fantasy version of Paris not unlike a dream or the Paris you can see in old movies. The story itself felt very Disney-like in that the mother dies in the beginning which is the impetuous to the main character being forced unprepared onto the world, the main character then helps many sub-characters out along the way to finding her true love. Very Disney indeed. I’m certain that I would not recommend this movie to my friends or my family, but maybe it would have a place in a cultural communications classroom. I think the only problem I would have with it is that it doesn’t portray an actual or real culture, and only portrays a fantasy like culture. The lead character is able to form relationships and make the audience care about her without having to say much at all, which can have some value when it comes to the study of nonverbal communication. Also, there might be a value to getting a feel for the French culture from this film, because even though I didn’t love the story or the film-making, there was something about the ‘sound’ in the film. The dialogue did draw me into the French culture which was interesting because I don’t speak any French. Even though I struggle to pinpoint the feeling or atmosphere of the film, I do think that something was captured even if it was just the Disney version of Paris and French Culture.

Christian and Hopeful’s escape from Doubting Castle Essay

Write a critical analysis of the extract (Christian and Hopeful’s escape from Doubting Castle) discussing the characteristic features of Bunyan’s Style. Bunyan uses allegory and symbolism throughout Part one. This symbolism is used very effectively in this extract; we can see the powerful images that relate to the spiritual nature of the characters. Doubt is powerful and Bunyan emphasises the danger and trappings of doubt through dramatic phraseology and strong physical images: ‘A very dark Dungeon, nasty and stinking to the Spirit of these two men.’ Bunyan’s dramatization of these events reflects also on the escape from the castle. Bunyan epitomises the ultimate despair in order to generate the joy and delight produced in the escape. This allows the reader to view the hope and joy that is present in the promises of God: ‘there to condole their misery, and to mourn under their distress.’ ‘And the door flew open with ease, and Christian and Hopeful both came out†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Bunyan also implements the use of dynamic verbs such as ‘flew’ this makes the reader aware of the ease with which doubt is broken. The discovery of the key of promise, which frees Christian and Hopeful from Doubting Castle; shows the reader the hope that remains even in the toughest of situations. Bunyan tries to make the reader aware of the danger of doubt through symbolism. This allows the reader to be cautious of doubt in his or her own life. This is typical of Bunyan, as his work tends to guide to correction, encourage and to issue caution: ‘ That’s good news, good brother, pluck it out of thy bosom and try.’ Christian’s realisation of foolishness has the effect of reinforcing the promise of Hope. Bunyan’s representation of this in the form of a speech allows Christian to persuade the reader to correct their foolish ways: ‘What a Fool, quoth he, am I, thus to lie in a stinking dungeon, when I may as well walk at liberty?’ Bunyan’s use of rhetorical questioning through Christian’s speech have the effect of encouraging the reader to question themselves. They also challenge the institution of doubt. Throughout part one we see the use of dialogue to encourage or reassure the characters. In this extract we can also view this as Hopeful speaks to Christian and questions his doubt over the situation: ‘; My brother, said he, rememberest thou not how valiant thou hast been heretofore?’ This has the effect of not only giving reassurance and encouragement to the characters but also to the reader. The use of pausing ensures that it is well understood. Bunyan uses imagery to create Giant Despair, ‘a large and imposing figure’ this has the effect of showing the powerful and controlling nature of doubt. However Bunyan also recreates the image of the giant to facilitate the ideas and concepts he wishes. As the escape progresses the reader sees that the large and powerful image is not all that is seems and indeed it eventually leads to its own downfall. Bunyan uses this situation to warn and encourage the reader. It allows them to see that even though trials engulf they never actually succeed. ‘Giant Despair, who, hastily rising to pursue his prisoners, felt his limbs to fail, for his fits took him again, so he could by no means go after them.’ Bunyan uses the Giant’s wife, Mrs Diffidence, to show the lack of direction that doubt has. It is created by the person and has no power. This has the effect of showing the reader that there is nothing that is worth doubt – it is a formality and should be regarded as such. This dramatic characterisation helps to indicate that hope is important and in the setting of this journey it is hope that eventually conquers the situation. Bunyan shows the despondency and discouraging nature of the castle through Hopeful’s speech however he also corrects their self-indulgence later in the speech with desire for patience and reliance on God from Hopeful: ‘†¦Also cut off the bread and water from my mouth, and with thee I mourn the light. But let us exercise a little more patience; remember†¦.’. The use of such dialogue relates also with Bunyan’s reliance on the bible as these descriptions may have also linked with the spiritual needs of a Christian. Bunyan uses the very low nature and despair created by doubt and allows the reader to see that hope was always present even if it was not always obvious to the characters. Bunyan’s use of dialogue extends beyond the pilgrims to the Giant and his wife, Mrs Diffidence. ‘Then he asked her also what he had best to do further to them. So she asked him what they were, whence they came, and whither they were bound; and he told her. Then she counselled him that when he arose in the morning he should beat them without any mercy’. This gives insight to the reader and creates dramatic irony, as the reader is aware of the weakness of the trials. One of Bunyan’s aims when writing The Pilgrim’s Progress was the instruction of Christians and throughout this extract we can see the encouragement and warnings that he provides and the way in which his writing reflects the authorial intention of the didactic purpose. Hopeful relates the experience of doubting castle to some of the earlier events in the book such as; the meeting with Apollyon and the valley of the Shadow of death. This has the effect of providing a link between the episodes of the dream, it helps to emphasise the representation of a journey and creates a development within the characters. Bunyan combines many different techniques and forms in the extract but the most effective of these is the dialogue between the pilgrims and also between their tormentors. ‘Then, with a grim and surly voice, he bid them awake; and asked them whence they were, and what they did in his grounds. They told him they were pilgrims, and that they had lost their way.’ This speech allows the reader to be aware of the characters thoughts and emotions; and to immediately identify the characters’ motives. This also has the effect of furthering Bunyan’s didactic purpose. The combination of the many effects within The Pilgrim’s Progress allows it to be enjoyable to all and make it still appreciated from a literary perspective.

Discussion Board 2-2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board 2-2 - Assignment Example According to the four stage response cycle of Masters and Johnson, women are usually ready for re-arousal at the resolution phase and may need continuation of sexual intercourse. Men on the hand tend to face difficulty in attaining sexual re-arousal after resolution phase (Rathus, Nevid & Fitchner-Rathus, 2014). This disparity may leave some women feel sexual dissatisfaction from their male partners. Having such understanding can help counselors to advice men facing criticism from their female sexual partners for not satisfying sexual needs of the latter. With the understanding, counselor can educate criticized men to practice holding their ejaculation by temporarily stopping sexual intercourse to allow their mates time to attain orgasm. When attaining plateau phase as contained in the four stage response cycle of Masters and Johnson, vagina of women depict preparedness to receive penis by contracting to cause erogenous feeling on penis (Rathus, Nevid & Fitchner-Rathus, 2014). The vagina also becomes wet to signalize lubrication of the pathway for entrance of penis. When at the plateau phase, men on the other side tend to produce seminal fluids that appear at the tip of penis. In addition, the coral ridge around the penis also expands in circumference. Understanding such concepts can help counselors train couples about proper timing as to when to begin intercourse to drive maximum

Website Review of SAAMI Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Website Review of SAAMI - Assignment Example This page also has a number of highlights on key events and activities held by the institution with relation to the usage and management of firearms. In the â€Å"Who we are† link, the website explores the technical committees involved, the legal and legislative aspects, the regulatory affairs, the international and issues related to the United Nations. It also explores the inner issues about SAAMI, as well as its strategic goals, which include increasing its public visibility as experts within the field, publication of pertinent policies and standards about SAAMI, creation of a platform or forum for introducing appropriate new policies and standard and maintenance of technically correct standards relating to performance, terminology, safety and interchangeability. In addition, another strategic goal of the institution is to become the leading institution in the global technical resource, especially in relation to issues pertaining to manufacturers of ammunition and firearms. The mission of this institution is to promulgate and create performance, technical, as well as safety standards governing the commerce in firearms, c omponents, and ammunition. Under the information and specifications, â€Å"info and spec† link, the site explores various issues among them cartridge and chamber drawings, news designs and revisions, SAAMI and ANSI standards, publications, videos, product manuals, glossary, recoil formulae and lead mobility. Each section under this category provides in-depth information and analysis regarding the factor under scrutiny. As such, every new user of firearms gets a great tonnage of information from this site. The â€Å"Member Companies† link explores the different members and independent organization that form part of the company.

Compare the domestic reform goals of Kennedy and Johnson Essay

Compare the domestic reform goals of Kennedy and Johnson - Essay Example For this reason, much of the new frontier promises that included urban renewal, federal aid to education, and government-funded health care, could not be realized during his time in office. Nevertheless, JFK managed to raise the minimum wage and establish a domestic program that sent volunteer professionals to Third World countries (Spiller 284). In addition, JFK threw his influence behind an environmental campaign that precipitated the passage of regulatory acts regarding clean air and water. The campaigned encouraged the federal government investment in environmental issues for the sake of continuity and preservation. With limited success of reforms at the home front, the JFK administration assumed an active and aggressive approach to handle the ever-expanding communism. This justifies the government’s establishment of the Peace Corps to limit communist involvement in Third World countries. Moreover, Kennedy hoped to revive diplomatic relations under such initiatives while s upporting the expansion of the military capacity and presence in US interest areas. During his time in office, Kennedy was faced with major failures in his stand against communist expansion, which are highlighted by the Bay of Pigs invasion (Cuba), construction of the Berlin Wall, and involvement in Vietnam. All the while, the civil rights movement that was established in the late 1950s mostly in the southern states heightened the call for social reforms. The movement was characterized by non-violent means of conflict resolution, where protestors fought for their course through peaceful means. To address their plight, the civil rights commission presents undisputable facts that indicated substantial disparities at the time, which favored individuals by their race and gender. This particularly applied to African-Americans whose life expectancy was placed 7 years less than that of white Americans, due their value of life. Infant mortality among African-American was twice as greater th at of whites and their living conditions were poor due to pre-existing inequalities. African-Americans were considered inferior in a way and were not treated as equals to the rest of society. The president took it to himself to express his concern on this issues and the need to address them, but was assassinated before he could actualize the passing of the civil rights bill. Lyndon Johnson, Kennedy’s vice president, took over office facing enormous pressure for reforms domestically and on foreign policies. Although the two had similar visions for the country, President Johnson held the capacity to implement reforms based on the new frontier proposal. This is attributed to his belief in active use of power and the effective sail of the national trauma following the death of President Kennedy. Johnson’s background is indicated as his motivation for social and economic reforms, which provided a unique opportunity to establish reforms labeled the Great Society. Even though he had previously objected to a similar bill, Johnson saw the need to push the 1964 civil rights act, in a bid to improve the living standards of the African-Americans within the United States society. In addition, the legislation guaranteed equal protection to all citizens in accordance to the law by ending racial segregation in schools, workplaces, and public places. Public accommodation facilities such as motels, hotels

Free Trade Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Free Trade - Article Example The problem with this type of outsourcing is that it can critically harm the domestic labor market. Ease of service outsourcing has made millions of domestic jobs vulnerable to being outsourced overseas (Wessel & Davis, 2007). The local labor market is likely to suffer shortage in labor supply as labor demand exacerbates. This scenario would likely trigger economic chaos in the affected economy. On the other hand, countries where most services are outsourced to would experience an influx, similarly causing economic imbalances in labor demand and supply. This type of outsourcing has its benefits too. The process keeps globalization running, thereby enhancing global interdependence in trade. Outsourcing along this line also creates opportunities for poor economic performers when they interact with tiger economies. To enhance competition along free trade and communication technology aspects, outsourcing practices should be subject to globally agreed upon regulation procedures. The flow of outsourced services should be controlled by taking into account the economic potential of all economies involved. This would ensure that the magnitude of outsourced services matches the economic potential of the destination country. All variables of free trade would also have to be factored in in enhancing

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Research Paper Example One of the spiders, which have recently become a primary concern of those living in Salt Lake City is the Hobo spider. The scientific classification for the Hobo spider is Tegenaria agrestis. It is in the family Aglenidae. It is not originally native to North America, but was brought over when Western Europeans began to colonize North America. The species was originally discovered in Europe by C.A. Walkenaer in 1802 and then was rediscovered in the United States in 1936 by Harriet Exline. The appearance of the Hobo Spider varies greatly, however there are a few core characteristics, which make it easier to identify. The abdomen has v-shaped patterns on its abdomen which aim down toward the head of the spider. They also have a light stripe, which runs down the middle of the sternum. Considering the size of typical spiders, the Hobo Spider is of a larger variation, usually ranging from twelve to eighteen millimeters in body length. Compared to other spiders, they have very poor eyesigh t and lack the normal climbing ability that many other spiders share. There are also sexual differences, which allow for further identification. The male Hobo Spider has two pedipalps in front of its two front legs, which is homologous to the male gentials in humans. The female Hobo Spiders have a much larger abdomen than the male Hobo Spider and lack the pedipalps (Ethan 4-12). ... After the new spiders hatch, they spend a majority of the first part of their life underground feeding and growing. After they have reached maturity, they begin searching for a mate. The females remain stationary and build their webs. The males come to the females. After mating, the males die first and then are followed by the females. The cycle then repeats itself over again. In the predator-prey relationship, the Hobo Spider does not fall at the top of the food chain. The Hobo Spider has three natural enemies that control the population: the preying mantis, wasps, and other spiders. Hobo Spiders especially have the disadvantage compared to other types of spiders. The first is that they lack the climbing ability and ability to escape from other spiders’ webs, which leaves them extremely vulnerable. The Hobo Spider tends to feed on smaller insects that it can catch, due to the type of web that it spins. It is known as a funnel web spinner. They are typically long in shape and have an empty hole in the middle in which the spider sits waiting for prey. Compared to other types of webs, they are not as thick (Vest). The venom of the Hobo Spider is potent. One important fact regarding bites made by the Hobo Spider is that those made in defense typically do not carry venom, compared to if it was the result of the spider hunting. This is because venom requires energy for the spider to make, so the spider tries to conserve this. The severity of the bite is often dependent on where the bite is located and how old the spider is. Another sexual difference between these spiders is that the male’s venom is more potent than that of the female. The venom is similar to the brown recluse in that it is a necrotic

Kwanzaa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Kwanzaa - Essay Example Umoja means unity (Ramirez, 2012). It mandates that every person that traces their descent from Africa must institute and maintain unity among themselves and a goodwill spirit as well. According to Ramirez (2012), it implies instituting family unity, unity across races in which each individual belongs, unity among the African American community and unity with Africa as a motherland. The purpose of this principle is to create a strong bond among the various entities, personalities and characters that share a common ancestral lineage. This is the second principle. It is a Swahili word, which translated means self-determination (Ramirez, 2012). Self-determination depicts the motivation in an individual to support intrinsic or natural tendencies that concerns with effective behavior and healthy mannerism. In this context, Kujichagulia principle indicates the importance of maintaining ones original identity as well as defining oneself and creating a special identity that relates to ones origin (Ramirez, 2012). It demands that the African Americans be proud of themselves and their origin, which ultimately enables them to communicate with sincere joy and pride. It also enables them institute effective interpersonal connection with other ethnicities, races and cultures. Ujima means collective duty and responsibilities (Ramirez, 2012). It directs the African community in working together to produce results that promote the greater welfare of the community. According to Ramirez (2012), it requires the African society to support one another in needy circumstances and in resolving social problems, that one or a few individual cannot address effectively. Ujamaa means cooperative economics (Ramirez, 2012). According to Ramirez (2012), this principle encourages African Americans to support local businesses in their respective communities and to accord preferences for local suppliers and

Healthy Grief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthy Grief - Essay Example â€Å"Grief is an emotional process† as what Hood, Hill & Spilka (2009, p. 198) quoted. In literature, the discussions that are common are about stages of grief, models of grief and ritual grief (Hood, Hill & Spilka, 2009, p. 198). Kubler-Ross & Kessler (2005, p. 7) stated that there are five stages of grief. These â€Å"five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance† (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2005, p. 7). These are the process in which each person should undergo once they experience the loss of someone. According to them, these are only identifiers for which a person feels when in time of grief, but it does not conclude that a person will experience all of these stages (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2005, p. 7). Also, Kubler-Ross & Kessler (2005, p. 7) state that it does not need to be exactly the same order as how they presented the stages of grief. These are only tools for people to identify easily what they are going through in times of grief. The firs t stage, which is denial, does not literally mean that the people who lost their loved ones do not know it. This denial is â€Å"more symbolic than literal† as noted by Kubler-Ross & Kessler (2005, p. 8). The second and third stages are anger and bargaining. Anger, according to Kubler-Ross & Kessler (2005, p. ... After that, depression is the next stage. A person who lost someone feels empty and alone during this stage. Hence, it does not mean that when a person feels this way, it is a sign of mental illness (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2005, p. 20). Depression is normal to a person who just lost someone. Further, the last stage is acceptance. This is the point where the person accepts the reality that someone is dead. On this stage, the person will learn to live with it. On the other hand, the five stages of grief have many critics. There are some psychologists who also proposed other multi-stage models of grieving. Musgrave and Bickle (2003, p. 46) have drawn one of the popular stories of the Bible which is the story of Job. They stated that the story focuses on how someone heals through grieving. In the story of Job, Job deals not only a human grieving, but it also included God (â€Å"The Book of Job,† 2011). Though Job experienced the worst way of human grieving, it shows some of the st ages of grief. In the story of Job, it only shows three stages among the five stages of grief from Kubler-Ross and Kessler (2005). These would be bargaining, depression and acceptance. It may sound unusual, but it seemed that acceptance comes first in the story of Job. It came first because Job is a believer of God. Thus, Job knew that his trials are part of God’s plan (â€Å"The Book of Job,† 2011). Since Job’s love for God is strong, he did not feel any anger and denial. Moreover, there’s one thing that Job showed - joy (â€Å"The Book of Job,† 2011). Though Job is suffering, he still shows hope that one day he will meet God face to face. Hence, it somehow gave him joy. In comparison between joy and the grieving process, a person can obtain joy once he/she free himself/herself from any

The Cause of Drug Abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Cause of Drug Abuse - Essay Example Additionally, it is possible to treat drug addiction and enable people to go back to their normal lives. Drug addiction can be considered as a chronic disease that causes obsessive behavior in spite of the negative consequences to the individual and those around them. It leads to changes in the structure and functioning of the brain (Allen 67). Many individuals indulge in drug abuse voluntarily at first, and lose self control overtime, thus negatively influencing their lifestyle. Some root causes of drug abuse include curiosity, exposure to drug addiction from media and friends, genetic predisposition to addiction, lack of self-esteem and depression. According to a famous saying, â€Å"curiosity killed the cat.† This is true in the case of drug abuse (Lowinson 48). People addicted to drugs are curious about its effect on them. They think that drugs can be so much fun. With it, they can be someone else because they can do things they cannot do when they are not under the influence of drugs. The media serves as one of the most influential factors to the way people behave nowadays. According to Castillo (48), the media portrays drug abuse as similar to being cool. For instance, pop artists who have the most number of fans are those who look or were reported to be drug users (e.g., Britney Spears, Miley Cyrus, Rihanna, etc. Conversely, there are a few people who can serve as role models in the contemporary society. Peer pressure is also among the leading causes of drug abuse in the contemporary society (Lowinson 48). This is especially true for young people who use drugs to feel cool, fit in a certain group and impress their friends. For example, if one’s friends smoke marijuana or engage in alcoholism, there is a big chance that the person will take part in similar behavior just to be accepted. Peer pressure is the urge to do what one’s friends are doing is very common among teenagers who are desperate to impress their friends and be accepted in a

Economic Globalization Essay Example for Free

Economic Globalization Essay Economic globalisation is a concept that has become common in the recent times and it is popularity is growing overtime. It virtually implies the process by which two or more countries economically integrate with an aim of enabling a global marketplace or in other words creating a global single market (Fung, 2006, pp 1). The main purpose for economic integration is to enable the expansion of the market, that is, corporations are enabled to operate beyond the borders of their country of origin. The concept of economic globalization can be perceived to posses both positives and negatives depending on the context over which is being analyzed from (Gardner, 2005, pp 67) The concept of economic globalization can be traced back to the ancient days during the trans-national trade period, which is several thousand years ago. The process of economic globalization is in control of the world trade organisation that provide rules that need to be followed in enhancing effective trade interactions between various countries of the world (Stalker, 1998, pp3),. The main goal of the WTO is to enable the producers of goods and services, the exporters of the goods and the importers of goods to conduct their business with much easy. The rules are based on the agreements that are set among the trading nations, where the agreements are expected to be ratified by the parliament of respective nations (Gu, 2006, pp 157). The WTO membership is currently 153 world countries with also a number of observers. The admission date into the organization of various nations vary from one country to other as it is a voluntary participation. For example, China joined the organization on 11 December 2001 (Peerenboom, 2007, pp 145). This proposal is based on carrying a research concerning the effects of Economic globalization and Chinas accession to WTO on domestic companies. The proposal starts at first providing the background information concerning economic globalization in china and its effect on the Chinese Economy. The research questions and objectives are then provided, the scope of the study and the significance of the study as the part of introduction. Literature review will then follow methodology and lastly the time plan. The research will use the Shenzhen Energy Corporation in China as one of the Chinas domestic energy enterprises in analyzing the effects of economic globalization on domestic companies and the response of these companies to the competition that arises from economic globalization in ensuring market sustainability. 1. 1 Background Economic globalisation is perceived to have enhanced China to attain an accelerated economic growth following the expansion of its market size, which enables the country to produce more following the increased demand for their products and services (Kotler, 2005, pp 37). The country is perceived to be benefiting from the global market in a reasonable manner following the countrys comparative advantage of cheap labour (Lu, 2003, pp 567). The cheap labour is enhanced through the high population of the country that implies abundant supply of labour (Prigoff, 1999, pp 89). This situation provides the country with a competitive advantage in the world market on the reason that its products are likely to bear a low price compared to the ones of their competitors who experiences high costs of production (Allan, 2004, pp 17). Following the encouraging of economic globalization by China becoming a member of WTO, the volume of foreign investments grew in China that were likely to compete with the local producers of goods and services (Hopper, 2006, pp 297). Shenzhen Energy is one of the domestic companies that felt the impact of the foreign investment competition and responded to it accordingly in enabling market sustainability. Shenzhen Energy Corporation was established through a fund raising in 1993 on it being approved by the peoples government office in the city of Shenzhen. The company was listed in the Shenzhen stock exchange market in September 1993, and it was the first large shareholding enterprise in the national electric powers to be listed in the stock market. The company was also the first public service stock company to be listed in the Shenzhen stock market (http://www. sec. com. cn/en/about/index. aspx? ModuleNo=080102 ). The company is controlled by the shareholder, Shenzhen Energy group company that was founded in 1993 as a state owned power company. The controlling company had been growing rapidly in proportionate to the economic growth of Shenzhen economy. The scope of business for the company is to develop, produce, purchase and market the various convectional energies and new energies within China. The company engages in investments and carries operations that are meant to enhance development. It participates in the transporting raw materials that are energy related and also involves itself in port, dock and storage industry. The company has investments and operations that are related to energy in the land industry, real estate industry and also the leasing industry. The companys investments and operations are also extended to high technology industries that are meant to improve the efficiency in the utilization of energy. The companys operations go beyond the border of China, that is, it involves in the import and the export of various goods. The goods that are exported and imported by the company include the set of equipment, supporting equipment, machines tools and also the vehicles that are to be used in energy projects. The company is also engaged in providing services that are related to the energy industry that include the designing, construction, management and providing the day to day operating services to energy projects. The company also provides service that includes staff training, consultation among other services that are mean to enable improved performance of the human resources in the energy industry and the making of informed decisions. The participation in developing environmental protection technology is a task that is carried by the company following the pollution claims that are raised concerning the consumption of energy. From the accounting reporting of the companys performance in 2007, the company had a total asset base worth 24. 5 billion Yuan. The larger proportion of the companys market is based in Shenzhen where it also hold majority of the share value of the plants. Its operations are mainly concentrated in Shenzhen and its surrounding. Some of these plants in which it holds shares include Shenzhen Mawan General Plant, Shenzhen Yuelianngwan Power plant, Dongguan Zhangyang Power Plant, Huizhou Fengda Power Plant, Guangdong heyuan Power Plant, and Ghana Combustion Engine Power Plant. The last two plants as provided in the list above are under construction. The companys performance as been desirable overtime. Shenzhen Energy Corporation has consistently been awarded various tittles that include outstanding enterprise, Advanced party committee and the law abiding tax payer. Therefore, Shenzhen energy Corporation can be perceived as being a local company in China that is likely to be affected by the foreign investors in china in the energy industry as a result of economic globalization. 1. 2 Problem Statement Following the participation of China in the economic globalization as an avenue over which economic growth can be enhanced and the Chinas accession to WTO can be perceived to have posed some effects on the domestic companies in China. The effect on the domestic companies arises from fact that a number of foreign companies are likely to be established in China to compete with the domestic companies. The competition between the domestic and the foreign companies in a given industry imply that the market for some industry is likely to be divided among the competitors with respect to their competitive advantages. The companies that produce their goods and services within the market standards and price will stand a better chance of taking a larger marker share compared to the companies that are less competent. In the wake for economic globalization and Chinas accession to WTO, there has been quite a large inflow of foreign companies into the Chinese economy. The energy industry has not been the exemption. A large number of power enterprises have been flowing into the economy, and they are characterized by having a large capital base, they are of high technology and possess management efficiency. These characteristics enable these foreign power enterprises to compete favorably with the domestic power enterprises like Shenzhen power corporation. The competition has been tight between the domestic power enterprises and the foreign power enterprises that require respective enterprises to undertake some strategies in enabling them to survive in the market. Shenzhen power corporation has not been an exemption in the competition that is posed by both foreign power enterprises and the local enterprises. The corporation has been thriving despite the increased and tight competition in the energy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study is to bring the strategies that have been taken by Shenzhen power corporation in enhancing the capability of being influential and profitable in the energy industry that seem to be flooded by the foreign power enterprises that have a large capital base, operate with high technology and posses effective management skills. 1. 3 Research questions The main research question of the study is to explain the marketing strategies that have been taken by Shenzhen power corporation in enhancing market sustainability in an industry that is dominated by foreign power enterprises. The questions to be answered in the reach for answering the main question include; i. How does the corporation gather information that is meant to aid in designing marketing strategies? ii. What are the companys target groups? iii. How does the company do its pricing? iv. To what level is customer satisfaction used as a marketing strategy? v. The nature of public relation of the corporation? 1. 4 Research objectives The main objective of the study is to establish the kind of marketing strategies that have been undertaken by Shenzhen power corporation in enabling market sustainability in foreign enterprises dominated industry. The auxiliary objectives that will enable to attain the main objective of the study include i. Identify the various means in which the corporations gather information that is used in designing marketing strategies ii. Identify the target groups for the companys products and services. iii. Identify the criteria that the company uses to set its prices in ensuring effective price setting. iv. Establish the level of customer satisfaction by the corporations v. Establish the nature of the products and services provided by the corporation to the market and their uniqueness compared to the products of the competitors. 1. 5 Scope of the study The study will be based on the looking at the practices adapted by Shenzhen power corporation in relation to the attempt of the corporation to ensure market sustainability in tight competition offered by the foreign power enterprises that are characterized by a large capital base, operate with the application of high technology, and inherent with effective management. Therefore, the study is meant to address the responses from Shenzhen power corporation following the tight competition in the industry that enable the company to thrive in the industry. 1. 6 Significance of the study The significance of the study follows from the argument that economic globalization is certain to disadvantage the domestic industries, that will have an adverse impact of retarding economic growth. Following the economic globalization of China and the example of Shenzhen power corporation, the above statement seem to be invalid because Shenzhen power corporation is still profitable regardless of the economic globalization as a Chinas domestic company. This implies that, there are lessons that are to be learnt from the practices of Shenzhen power corporation following its enhanced market sustainability. The lessons will be applied by other corporations that associate their failure to the concept to economic globalization. 1. 7 Hypothesis of the study The hypothesis of the study is that domestic companies are not affected negatively by economic globalization, but it is their economic inefficiency that makes them incompetent in competing with the foreign companies. Therefore, the companies poor performance after economic globalization is not as a result of the many competitors, it is because of their inefficiency that makes them less competitive. Competitive advantage is earned by designing relevant strategies and not by reducing the number of competitor. Competition is required in the economy in avoiding the excesses that are associated with the monopolies, because the inefficient companies are certain to exit the market due to their inability to compete favorable. Therefore, competition is likely to ensure efficient utilization of resources in meeting the needs of the society. Domestic companies should thus design strategies that are meant to enable them withstand the competition in the market, and that will also promote efficient utilization of the national wealth in meeting the needs of the society. 2. 0 Literature Review 2. 1 Gathering information for strategy designing On ensuring effective strategy designing, an organization is required to gather information that is meant to be used as a tool for strategy designing. This act is meant to eliminate the act of designing strategies arbitrary as it posses the possibility of the strategies becoming irrelevant. Therefore, an organisation requires to lay some measures in ensuring that information that is available and to be used for designing strategy is representational of the real market situation, otherwise the expected results from the strategies will never be realized (Hiebing, 2004, pp 2). The source for information that will be useful for designing the strategies varies in relation to the nature of the industry, the operations of organisation and purpose to which the information will be put into. For example gathering information that is meant to be used in designing the marketing strategies, an organisation is required to get the information concerning the market condition (Boone, 2005, pp 37) The information concerning the market condition may include the desires of the customers, the market price of some products as provided by the demand and the supply forces, and practices of competitors. The right source for information that is to be used in designing marketing strategies should be obtained from the various agencies of the organisation who interact with the customers, because they are the ones who are accessible to the customers, hence likely to understand the customer desires than the managers who are responsible of administration related matters (Cundiff, 2007, pp 48) On ensuring effective designing of strategies that are meant to improve the organisations competence, an organisation is supposed to base its redesigning using the past experience. This will enable an organization to avoid the possibility of repeating the errors that were committed in the previous designs (Bradley, 2005, pp231) 2. 2 Pricing. The pricing mechanism normally depends on the nature of the market structure. A market structure can either be a monopoly, an oligopoly or a competitive market (Gummesson, 2002, pp 137) Price setting in each market structure vary depending characteristics in each market. For example, in the competitive market, every firm in the market is a price taker. They are price takers on the reason that none of the firms can determine the price in the, otherwise the price in the market is influenced by the price mechanism. In a monopoly market, a firm has the powers to determine the price of its goods through the controlling of the supply (Luck, 1985, pp 132). For a firm to survive in the competitive market, the firm is expected to sell at the market price as provided by the market mechanism, otherwise its products are likely to experience a low demand compared to the products of the competitors (Adcock, 2001, pp 102). This follows from the demand law, that explains that when the price of a good increases, the demand of the good is likely to decline. The decline of the demand follows from the consumer either switching to the consumption of a substitute good that will benefit a competitor or reduce the consumption of the good due to the budget constraint (Hisrich, 2000, pp 112) In the competitive market, a firm that is likely to produce its goods and services at the lowest costs is the one that is likely to earn a competitive advantage over the other competitors in the industry. This follows from the fact that the production of goods with low costs will have an impact of increasing the profit margin of the company when selling the goods at the market price (Kotler, 1988, pp 199). This will also enable the firm to compete favorably in the price war in enhancing the demand of the its products, because the company will be able to realize the desired profits level even when selling the goods at the price below the market price (Gualtianan, 1995, pp 89). A firm will only attain the low costs of production if it produces the goods with a lot of efficiency in avoiding waste, that is, the firm should enhance optimal allocation and utilization of the resources in attaining an optimal amount of output at a given the specific level of technology. Organizations can enhance the efficient utilization of the resources by adaptation the various practices that are meant to optimally utilize the resources that include human resource development and the adaptation of the appropriate technology that is certain to enable efficient utilization of the resources owned by a firm (Webster, 1995, pp 47) 2. 3 Customer Satisfaction. Customer satisfaction plays an important role in creating consumer loyalties. The creating of loyalties will rescue the firm from incurring a lot of expenses in advertisement on the look for customers (Davenport, 2001, pp 69). The created consumer loyalty will retain the customers, as they are likely to consume the products of the company in the future. Therefore, it can be perceived as an investment that is meant to benefit the firm to realize the flow of income in the future following the enhanced loyalty. Consumer loyalty is maintained by the firm providing high standard goods to their customers and listening to the desires of the customers, otherwise, the firm is certain to loose the already created loyalties in the future if it does not meet the desires of the customers. The firm is also required to engage in product innovations overtime that are supposed to improve the quality of the products in factoring in the desires of the customers (Hutt, 1981, pp 201). This will reinforce the existing loyalties and also create other more loyalties that are certain to ensure the future demand for the products and services provided by the firm. There normally exist variations in the desires of the customers, implying that the providing of standardized services and products to customers is certain to satisfy the customers in varied ways. In such a situation, a firm is required to either provide a wide range of products that is meant to meet the varied desires or provide customized products and services that are meant to improve the level of customer satisfaction. The advantage for creating customer loyalties through customer satisfaction is that the firm is likely to reduce the costs in advertisement and other promotions because the customers that are retained are aware of the operations of the firm and its operations (Godin, 1999, pp 32). This will enable the company to reduce its cost of operation that will be reflected as an increased marginal profits, hence a positive step towards profit maximization. 2. 4 Product differentiation and patenting. Product differentiation can be perceived as being a strategy that is meant to make the products of some firm unique compared to the products that are offered by the competitors. It will enable the customers to identify the products easily without mistaking it for the ones offered by the competitors. Differentiation may include the adding of some features to the products offered to the market that is meant to sway the customers in enhancing high demand. The differentiations that make the product unique can be copyrighted to avoid the competitors from imitating the design of the product (Sandshoes, 2000, pp43). The patents will bar the competitors from imitating the products, thus a marketing strategy that is meant to enable the firm to minimize competition. 3. 0 Methodology 3. 1 Design The research will involve the collection of information concerning the organisation in question, evaluate its performance over time, and mostly by focusing at its profitability over time in relation to the various strategies that were taken by the organisation to enhance the performance. The study will look at the marketing strategies that are adapted by the organisation and their effects on performance of the organisation. The evaluation of the effects of the strategies on the organization will be identified on using the theories that have been established in relationship to the impact of various changes that are done within the organisation on the performance of the organisation. Therefore, the study will rather use qualitative data than quantitative given the nature of the topic addressed. 3. 2 Participants The main participant in the research is the shenzhen Energy corporation. The company is chosen as a representational of the domestic companies in evaluating the impact of economic globalization on domestic companies and on how best the companies should responding through the designing of marketing strategies in enhancing competence. Shenzhen energy corporation has been used as a representational following its ability to withstand the competition from foreign companies in the energy industry in China. 3. 3 Data collection Following the design of the research, the data that will be collected should be related to the marketing strategies that the Shenzhen energy corporation had taken in enhancing competitive advantage. The strategies that need to be identified include, how the company is enhancing customer Satisfaction, how does the company do pricing, how does the company reach the target group, how does the company gather information that is to be used in decision making concerning the design of marketing strategies, and how the company make its products competitive in the market. 3. 4. Data analysis Data analysis will be done by confronting the identified marketing strategies with the existing marketing theory as provided in literature. This will enable the study to bring out the logic behind the strategies that were taken by Schenzhen energy corporation is ensuring its success. 4. 0 Time Plan. The research will take a time frame of ten weeks, where each week will be allocated its tasks as provided by the schedule below: Task Week Making contacts on places where data and literature will be collected 1 Literature Reviewing 2-3 Collection of Data 4 Data Validation 5 Data Analysis and Interpretation 6-7 writing a draft report 8 Third party reading of the report 9 writing the final report 10 Bibliography Adcock, Dennis. Marketing: Principals and Practice. Financial Times/Prentice hall. 2001. Allan, Clement. Economic Globalization: Social Conflict. labour and Environmental Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. 2004. Bradley, Frank. International Marketing strategy. Financial Times/ Prentice hall. 2005. Boone, Louis and Kurtz, David. Contemporary Marketing. Thomson South-Western. 2005. Cundiff, Edward and Govoni, Norman. Fundamentals of Modern marketing. University of California. 2007. Davenport, Teresa. Marketing Training Programs: Marketing Training Programs. American Society for Training and Development. 2001. Luck, David. Marketing Strategy and Plans: Systematic marketing management. Prentice hall. 1985. Lu, Ding and Zhou, Huizhong. Chinas Economic Globalization Through the WTO. 2003. Shenzhen Energy Website. Company Profile. Retrieved from; http://www. sec. com. cn/en/about/index. aspx? ModuleNo=080102 Fungi, Hung-gay. Chinese Challenges of Economic Globalization: The effect of WTO Sandhusen, Richard. Marketing. Barrons Educational Series. 2000. Gardner, Susannah. Buzz Marketing with Blogs for Dummies. Wley. 2005. Godini, Seth. Permission in Marketing. Simion Schuster. 1998. Gualtianan, Joseph and Paul, Gordon. Marketing Management: Strategies and Programs. McGraw-Hill. 1995. Gummessoni, Evert. Total relationship marketing. Butterworth-heinmenn. 2002. Hiebing, Roman and Cooperi, Scott. The One Day Marketing Plan for an organisation: Organizing and Completing a working Plan. McGraw-Hill Professional. 2004. Hisrichi, Robert. Marketing: Business Libr. Barrons Series. 2001. Hopper, Paul. Living with Globalization. Berg publishers. 2006. Hutt, Michael and Speh, Thomas. Industrial Marketing management: A Strategy View of Organizational Markets. University of Michigan. 1981. Kotler, Philp. Principles in Marketing. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2005. Kotler, Philip. Management Marketing: analysis, planning process, implementing, and controlling. Prentice hall. 1988. Peerenboomi, Randalla. Chinas Modernization. Oxford University Press. 2007. Prigoff, Wyner. Economics of the Social workers University of Michigan. 1999. Stalkeri, Peter. The Social Effects of Globalization. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1998. Webster, Fredrick. Industrial , Marketing Strategy. John Wiley and Sons. 1995.

Process of Embedding Fuzzy Logic Methodology In Racing Game

Process of Embedding Fuzzy Logic Methodology In Racing Game Alamin Hussain Key words: fuzzy logic, XNA, AI, racing game ABSTRACT Fuzzy Logic has many opinions and understanding from people to people. In its simplest understanding Fuzzy Logic outputs truth(s) based on approximation for reasoning. In essence compared to traditional binary sets, which outputs absolute truths or false values, Fuzzy Logic may have a false or truth-value which ranges in degrees from 0 to 1. Using the above notion, I will be implementing this ideology or method in the perspective of providing behaviors for my Non-Playable-Opponent. What this means is that I will be programming Fuzzy Logic into my video game. Which should provide a more human like interaction. I will be utilizing the Microsoft XNA framework and C# programming language to output the implementation. In attempting to program in Fuzzy Logic, I had come across several hurdles. Such as breaking the rules and calculations down to the most possible simplest form possible, then trying to implement line by line each element. Thereafter running into Syntax Errors and Runtime Errors of which there were many. Finally I was forced to remove some more complex forms of Fuzzy Logic due to time constraints and inability to fully comprehend Fuzzy Logic and apply it via programming. INTRODUCTION Fuzzy Logic is an area of study in Artificial Intelligence built on the idea that in a fuzzy set, each element in a given set which can assume a value from 0 to 1 and does not follow the conventional classic or crisp theory of just 0 or 1. Basically this method follows the conception that approximation is used for reasoning rather than a fixed value. An element is categorized in its gradual inclination towards its relevant set, this is known as the degree of membership. The objective of this project is to efficiently utilize the XNA game engine using C# programming language and DirectX graphics API, to create a function racing game which utilizes Fuzzy Logic artificial intelligence. Previous programmers and coders have utilized Fuzzy Logic in video games, but the use for fuzzy logic in real world applications for video games has been minimal due to more popularity of other methods such as the A* artificial intelligence model. The reason of this project is to identify how fuzzy logic can allow for more human like interaction in a video game setting. In essence providing human feedback and reactions to the player and establishing cohesion in immersive game play. Throughout the main chapters of the thesis, I will going through the process in which I have understood general AI in video games and how fuzzy logic can be applied in this territory. Due to my illness, which has made me bend bound and on medication for just over 2 months from the beginning of February, my research and understanding is very little. As such I will try my best to demonstrate my current knowledge and how I established it into my project. I will be providing and understanding of Artificial Intelligence in video games and how the two are intertwined; he current state and use of AI in video games; Game AI techniques; Fuzzy Logic AI; how Fuzzy Logic is utilized in video games; the benefits of fuzzy logic; the cons of Fuzzy Logic; Fuzzy State Machines; the use of fuzzy logic in the video game industry and previous research conducted on fuzzy logic. MAIN CHAPTERS Artificial Intelligence in Video Games In the study of artificial intelligence in video games it is made up of all the methodologies and techniques for implementing intelligence into video games. Artificial Intelligence in video games contain aspects of, but are not limited to: path finding, control of animation, strategic thinking, procedural generation and learning. All of which require some form of solving problems, which are executed utilising Artificial Intelligence algorithms. The main essence of using game artificial intelligence is bringing a more human like interaction for the player, in creating a more fun, immersive and strategical play. This can be in the form of enemy bosses or interaction with NPCs (Non-Playable-Characters). In the words of Alan Turing, considered the father of of artificial intelligence, an agent is intelligent if its behaviour cannot be distinguished from that of a human[1]. From real human perspective Game artificial intelligence is in essence not real intelligence but the illusion of such methods[2]. Successful video games implement varying degrees of compelling artificial intelligence. It is not a requirement to implement very intelligent, unbeatable smart opponents but a much fun and some what realistic opponent who does not do damagingly stupid manoeuvres of which could ruin the whole game play and remove a player from the immersion. Like in most aspects of a video game, the game AI compliments and provides a higher realisation of a given video game, such as maintaining high levels of entertainment and fun game play. From the beginning of video game development to the the present times of complex large project based games, Artificial Intelligence has certainly been widely used and with the passage of time has increased usage and complexity with it. As such video games such as online multi player games have brought forward advanced artificial intelligence and have changed the habits and perception of players. This in effect has made players demand much more intricacy in game play in regards to artificial intelligence and developers are more and more focusing in providing human-like methods in AI, which are capable of learning from the players inputs. Developers have since moved away from predictable and scripted opponents and heavily focused on the advanced artificial intelligence in games. Due to the nature of video game development, game AI has real world constraints, in terms of time management and scheduling of a project. As such tested and working methods are used in development and the lack of innovation in the field of game AI is very much not visible. Game Artificial intelligence borrows knowledge from academic based AI such as robotics. But has its own parallel workforce of improvement and research and development, whilst keeping practicality in mind due to the nature of the game industry[3]. All forms of AI research and development borrows elements of information and as such same techniques can be found in some form in all fields of study. This thesis will delve on the study of a particular method of video game artificial intelligence, which is Fuzzy Logic and the use of such AI in video game. Then bringing a conclusion from my findings and usage of Fuzzy Logic game AI. Current Usage of Game AI Game artificial intelligence had gained traction from the late eighties early nineties, as such has gained much more attention from the game industry in the last decade or so. Traditionally video game have been pushing boundaries in the composition of visual graphics and audio realism in a bid to gain traction from end consumers. This in return had made it so that CPU (Central Processing Unit) processing powers was largely given precedence to graphics computation, followed by sound computation and then the game logic. This process of allocation of resources in previous game development left very little computation al power to artificial intelligence, which resulted in very stupid, generic and easily overpower enemies and or opponents. The previous process of developing video games and limitations on resources meant that artificial intelligence was very minimal. In more recent times graphical fidelity has improved so well that the visuals on screen are indistinguishable to their real life counter parts. As well as the costs of provided more resources on a much lower capital and recent inclusions of GPU (Graphical Processing Unit), meant that visual graphics had a dedicated resource in providing improved graphics, whilst freeing up the CPU to focus more on intricate computations. This has allowed artificial intelligence and physics to flourish and become more improved over the years, allowing more immersive game play. This trend of game development and resource allocation has allowed video game artificial intelligence to become some what of an essential necessity to differentiate and better develop high quality video games. As costs are minimising and developers improving, there are more and more dedicated teams of developers focusing on game AI, in creating seemingly intelligent NPCs, opponents and enemies, thus enabling challenging and interesting video games for the players. Following these development cycles and improvements over the years in the study of video game artificial intelligence has allowed people studying and or researching artificial intelligence to use video games as a mean of testing their research. This in essence allows reducing large overheads, increasing safety and utilising a simple environment in a virtual world. As opposed testing in the real world, which would increase costs and potential pose a risk to researchers if it were a large scale project utilise large physical object(s).

Old English

Old English ‘Without Latin, English would have an impoverished vocabulary Latin is one of the languages that has most influenced English since its birth as a language. In this essay we are going to approach the Latin influence in vocabulary along the periods of the English language to see if, without the Latin influence it would be as rich as it is now with it and if the language would be impoverished or not. Development In its beginnings, Old English did not have the large number of words borrowed from Latin and French that now form part of English vocabulary. Old English was a very flexible language capable of using old words and giving them new uses. Latin has been the second great influence on English. It was the language of an educated and sophisticated civilization from which the Saxon peoples wanted to learn. The contact between these people was at first commercial and military but then it also became religious and intellectual. Before going to England the Germans had already had contact with the Romans and of course, from this contact they acquired some Latin words. When Christian was introduced in England, the people living there adopted many Latin elements. English borrowings from Latin came in three waves that extended the resourced of their vocabulary. â€Å"A connection between Latin and English is indicated by such correspondences as pater with English father, or frÄ ter with brother, although the difference in the initial consonants tends somewhat to obscure the relationship† (Baugh, Cable 1993:18) Albert Baugh and Thomas Cable, in their book ‘A history of the English language divide the Latin influences in the vocabulary in three stages: The continental borrowing, the Latin through Celtic transmission and the Latin influence of the second period and the norman conquest. We are going to see three occasions in which borrowings from Latin occurred  ¿Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ¿before the end of the old English period: During the continental borrowing, the words were introduced because of the contact the German tribes had had with the Romans on the continent. Some of the words introduced were already present in the early Germanic dialects because of the trading contact. The Germans coming back from the empire brought with them words apart from goods. The words they adopted indicated new conceptions related with things they did not know or for which they did not have terms. The germans in the empire dedicated themselves to agriculture and war, as some words like camp (battle), segn (banner), weall (wall), pytt(pit), strÅ“t (road, street), mÄ «l (mile) and miltestre (courtesan) show. Owing to the commercial relationship most words are related to trade. One of the things they traded was wine and we can observe words like wÄ «n (wine), eced (vinegar). They also traded domestic and household articles plus clothing as in cytel (kettle L.Catillus). In the art of buildings and construction there were words like copor (copper), pic (pitch) or tigele (tile). The words the Germans borrowed reflected the kind of relationships they had. In the Celtic transmission, which had a poor influence on old English made the Latin influence be limited too during the roman occupation. The extent to which the country had been Romanised and the use of latin by the population were not influential. Some terms could be found in placenames but a direct contact between latin and old English was not possible during this period because the Latin words came thought the transmission of the celts and their interaction with old English was weak. Words like ceaster ( L. castra. Camp) which today forms English place names as Manchester or Doncaster or words like port (harbour, gate, town) from Latin portus and porta; munt (mountain) from latin montem were introduced. The influence of the language in the first period was the slightest of all. The Latin influence of the second period and the greatest of all was the Christianizing of Britain that started in 597. From this moment until the end of the old engliush period around 500 years later words made their way into English thanks in most cases to monasteries. It is needless to say that most of the terms introduced had to do with the new religion. Some words like church or bishop already belonged to the language because they had been introduced before but the vast majority of terms having to do with churches and their services were introduced in this period. Some examples are abbot, deacon, disciple, angel, althar, anthem, pal, pope, psalm. But the church did not only influence religiously speaking. Some terms related to the domestic life of people, clothes, food, trees, plants, education, miscellaneous things or literature were introduced. Words like cap or silk, lentil or caul (cabbage), pine or lily, the word plant itself, school, master, grammatic(al), meter, notary, a nchor, sponge or elephant or calend or talent. There was a great influence in the early years of Christianity in England. As the Latin influence always came and went hand in hand with the church new words when with the Benedictine reform. The imports were different now and they expressed scientific and learned ideas. But some words were still related to religious matters antichrist, apostle or demon. The words that predominated in this period were the literary and learned ones. Some examples are accent, history, paper, title. Plant names like coriander, cucumber, ginger. Trees like cypress or laurel, some terms related to medical matters like cancer, paralysis and some others related to animals like scorpion, tiger. Despite the introduction of all these words English did not always adopt them to express a new concept. An old word was generally applied to a new object or thing with a small adaptation in order to convey new meanings. The Anglo-Saxons, for example, did not borrow the words for which they already had a meaning. According to Baugh, as a result of the Christianizing of Britain some 450 Latin words appear in English writings before the close of the English period (Baugh and 1993:86) In spite of this, some words did not make their way into general use until later, when they were reintroduced but others were fully accepted and incorporated into the language. Before the Norman Conquest Latin was the language used by the church and the one of scholarship, international communication and administration but then, after the conquest, it was replaced by French. But the Norman Conquest was the period in which a larger number of Latin borrowings were introduced. In this period we include the words borrowed from French (derived from Latin) and those directly borrowed from Latin itself although they were less popular that the French and usually obtained their admission through written language. In the 13th and 14th centuries England could have spoken three languages English, French and Latin. Latin was also the principal channel through which Greek words reached English. The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries were really prolific in Latin borrowings. Some of them were conspiracy, distract, frustrate or history among many other common terms used in everyday speech. (Asiq teniendo en cuenta esto sin el latà ­n el ingles seria un idioma pobre porq no tendria ni la influencia griega que llego a travà ©s de à ©l ni la francesa que procede del latà ­n). As Barbara Strang mentioned in her book ‘A history of English it remains to note that from this super abundant wealth English has discarded a number of items picked up, jackdaw-wise, more for glitter than for use and that this was particularly noticeable among the Latin words of the 16c. (Strang 1989:129) The Renaissance in the 16th century and the revival of classical learning made the number of Latin borrowings increase. Many of these words came by means of French because in Middle English, Romanic elements were Gallicized but in Modern English they came directly from Latin. Related to this Barbara Strang said that â€Å"we cannot always be certain whether a word is a direct loan from Latin or mediated by French† (Strang 1989:186). In the 17 th and 18 th centuries there was a Latin diction. The writers that had been brought up in the tradition of the classics provoked a reaction in which the Saxon element of the language was glorified and made stronger. For them, the Latin and French words were very literary and abstract and they rejected them Cassidy says that English has been exposed to Latin influence throughout its history but the Latin borrowings found in our days are far smaller than might have been expected (Robertson 1954:152) To know how many exact Latin words have been borrowed into English is impossible. In our days it is important to mention that the most part of the modern and technique words in English, those related to computers, derive from Latin roots and not from Germanic. For example the word computer is a derivation of the Latin verb computare which means count or calculate. The word delete, which means ‘to erase what is written in a computer, comes from the Latin verb delere, which means to erase. Curiously, those people who have studied Latin know that the second person of the imperative of the verb delere is delete. Robertson also recognises this influence and says that â€Å"in present day technical and scientific English, Latin shares with Greek the source of a host of new coinages, or of few applications of words already adopted† (Robertson 1954:155) â€Å"This is not a matter merely of the number of words borrowed, for in that respect, Latin, at least, is ahead of French. What it means is that far more of the French words have become a part of the essential core of modern English† (Robertson 1954:155) Coger algo de la 187 a la 189 de Barber!! Y se acabà ³ Conclusion Ver pags 173 y 174 para la conclusià ³n en nà ºmero. English would be in some kind impoverished. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SOURCES Albert Croll Baugh,Thomas Cable A history of the English language ELECTRONIC RESOURCES http://www.orbilat.com/Influences_of_Romance/English/RIFL-English-Latin-The_Inflluences_on_Old_English.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_influence_in_English http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/4197/?letter=Espage=4

The Bag of Weed :: Personal Narrative Essays

The Bag of Weed "Come on, it's just one hit, no one will ever find out." We all gathered around the pipe, anxiously awaiting our turn. It was 1:00 in the morning and everyone was asleep, including the dean, or so we thought. Earlier that morning, a friend came up to me excitedly announcing her purchase. She had gotten a bag of weed. I showed a look of approval, not quite caring or knowing what was ahead. I soon would be part of that deal, but at a much higher price. After the evening activities, we all piled back into the dorm and started heading to each other's rooms. It was a Friday night, and it was nearly impossible to go to bed before 12:00. As our group of friends all sat there, the idea of getting stoned got thrown into the pot. Being at a Christian school, not very many of us had ever done that before, especially not in the dorm. "There's a first time for everything," one of the girls piped in. We all agreed it would be fun, but knew the consequences if we were to get caught. After contemplating it all, we decided to at least wait until 1:00, when everyone started going to bed. The time passed quickly as we discussed our plan. We would make a pipe out of an empty pop can, put towels under the door to help stop the smoke from leaking out, and turned on the fan by the window so it would help blow the smoke out. We definitely had it all figured out. The weed was brought out, and placed ever so carefully on the can. We passed it around, and one hit turned into two and two into four. By that time we were all laughing hysterically, obviously needing nothing to laugh at. After we put the weed away, we sat there laughing, joking, eating and just having fun, thinking we were good to go. Minutes later, a knock came at the door, making each of our heart beats come to a halting stop. As the door opened, the dean appeared like a ghost in the night and we all knew we were busted. "Where's the cigarettes?" she asked. We all sat there, looking dumbfounded, and wishing it were only cigarettes because the consequences for that were less severe. She stood at the door for a few minutes, staring at us with a look of complete disappointment on her face, before walking out the door, shutting it behind her.

The Use of Suspense in Julius Caesar :: Julius Caesar Essays

The Use of Suspense in Julius Caesar Suspense can be defined as the uncertainties the reader feels about what will happen next in a story, or in this case, a play. William Shakespeare incorporated in Julius Caesar three very suspenseful events on which the whole play depends. The first suspenseful event of this play occurs when the conspirators join and discuss their reasons for assassination. Cassius feels that he is equal to Caesar, if not even better that him. Shakespeare builds suspense by using this statement made by Cassius: "I was born free as Caesar.../we both have fed as well, and we can both / endure the winter's cold as well as he." Then cassius tries to persuade Brutes to join in on the conspiracy by telling him that it would be honorable to assassinate Caesar. Cassius tells Brutes that the fate of Rome is in trouble with Caesar in power, which helps build suspense early in the play. To convince Brutes conclusively, cassius forged letters and threw them into Brutus's window where he was sure to find them. Shakespeare wrote this statement: "we will awake him and be sure of him. This is a very powerful statement that builds suspense because the reader most likely feels that Brutes will join in and want to assassinate Caesar, yet the reader is uncertain as to whether or not the plan will work. These events are very suspenseful as they lead up to the assassination of Caesar. The next series of suspenseful events that foreshadow Caesar's assassination happen on a very unusual night. One night before Caesar's death there were many strange occurrences the foreshadows darkness in the future. A lioness gave birth in the streets, the dead rose from their graves, fiery worriers fought in the clouds so fiercely that blood drizzled upon the capitol, horses neighed, dying men groaned, and ghosts shrieked and squealed along the streets; all events of this strange night that Shakespeare makes so suspenseful. Also on this unusual nigh, Calpurnia had a very frightening dream that was very suspenseful. The dream was of Caesar's statue emitting blood and many Romans were bathing in it. When the reader reads this he is "on the edge of his seat"

Article Summary Essay

Upon reading the article there was a strong emphasis on the interaction from within the virtual classroom and the communication that the students had developed with the instructor and other students in the classroom. Due to the flexibility that the online classroom offers many people are signing up. In the past many people preferred the classroom setting, because it gave him or her, the capability of having interaction amongst peers. However since this has turned into a text, and email world many people have chosen to go to college online. The number one method of conversation used to be either in person or on the phone, now it is through text message and by email. The online classes do require participation and the way that participation is graded is by the involvement that the student makes with his or he peers. While online course enrolments continue to climb, retention and success rates in such courses and programs are frequently reported as typically lower than those delivered in a traditional classroom format; those of us in roles that support online students have a role in reversing that trend! (Schreck, 2006).Online classes take much dedication, and a structure of independence. Life in general can be busy and full of circumstances. It takes a person who can independently work on his or her own, and have a desire to complete task and finish the course facilitator participation When teachers interact with students during online classes, the students tend to participate more. Just knowing that even if there is not a teacher that is standing over you insuring that assignments are done, or that you are participating in group discussions or activities, initiates interaction. According to the text â€Å"the student’s online posts, online quizzes, and tests were analyzed using ATLAS software (Nagel, Blignaut & Cronje, 2007). Since the virtual classroom does not have the capability of someone directly standing over a student, a strategic plan had to be developed in order to make sure the students were participating in daily classroom activities, as well as a test of his or her knowledge to  demonstrate that the student was actually obtaining and learning the information that has been taught. Through the discussion forum the teacher is able to analyze if the student is on the correct track, or if explanation needs to be given on a particular subject. Students have to have the desire to learn, as well as the desire to accomplish an online class. However the student must be dedicated to logging in, participating in the classroom discussions, and interacting with his or her peers and instructor. References Nagel, L., Blignaut, A.S., Cronje, J.C. (2007). Read-only participants: a case for student communication in online classes. Interactive Learning Environment, Vol17, 37-51.Retrieved December 10, 2012. Schreck, V. (2006). It takes a virtual village: Practical strategies for improving online learning Retention Rate. Retrieved December 10, 2012, from: www.innovativeeducators.org/product_p /38.htm.

Every Child is Special Essay

As a t each(prenominal)er and as a mother, I was really locomote by the film e pickyly on its latter part when the pargonnts came to realize their inadequacies in understanding and finding the cause of their chelas failure. I could purport the agony of Sean when he was left in a boarding domesticate cold away from the comfort of his feature sept and from the love and c atomic number 18 his family especially of his mother. I found him in a space where he was so helpless to confine himself amidst the judgements, the accusations, the name-calling, the bullying Young as he was, his experiences were really so damaging to his self-esteem, to his self-confidence, to his self-concept. teach moreevery child is special reaction paperI except do not accredit how more Seans are in that respect out there Seans who think differently thats wherefore treated indifferently by this society Seans who are full of talents but are so afraid and weak to provide them because of a negative view of themselves and Seans who are just waiting for a salve soul to help them understand themselves and recuperate and build that positive outlook of their own persons.It was only a film, but we know very well that the situations depicted in it are true,EVERYWHERE, IN ALL part OF THE WORLD It is the reason why we should lift off examining ourselves both as parents and as teachers in our own homes and in our own schools. We energy be like the father of Sean who could comfortably pass his judgement on him without veritable(a) asking him for an explanation (like when he got in trouble with a much sometime(a) and bigger fellow and was given a blow by his father.On his plaque without asking for his side of the story) or we energy be one of those teachers who could easily grass his works as wrong without even bothering to ask and find for the reason toilet those wrongs or we might be Mr. Niko whose world a teacher was not throttle in the four walls of the classroom and stop once he stepped out of it, but rather extended beyond the schools gate to look for the reasons lavatory the students situation and fought for and acted on and for the solution.The film reminded me once again or so the sensitivity of the roles teachers play in the flavor of each of the students. We can really sustain or break them, uplift or dampen their spirits Teachers hearts should be BIG enough to accommodate the longings and demand open or hidden of each of them. Being judgemental should not have a place in us. We should have that enough sensitivity to notice all the Seans in our classes and even in our own homes and be brave enough to look for and press out for the solution just like what Mr. Niko did which brought the blossom out of the real Sean through the inspiration and the give granted to him.

Fahrenheit 451 Analysis Essay

The theme of Ray Bradburys classic Fahrenheit 451 potbelly be viewed from some(prenominal) different angles. First and foremost, the sacred scripture gives an anti- security review message. Bradbury understood censorship to be a natural outcropping of an too tolerant hostelry. Yet, the maven Guy Montag is angiotensin converting enzyme of the few that is courageous enough to find out the honor for himself. This unexpected disc all overy on the corruption of beau monde challenged traditional values, association and beliefs. The personal freedom to the practiced of an individual having the freedom of expression when he utilizes the electric receptacle of censorship in Fahrenheit 451.In Bradburys novel, nine has evolved to such an extreme that all publications is illegal to possess. Be pull in of the trouble volumes may cause, they were banned altogether. For example, one group dexterity think they had a rightfully great idea and wrote it in a book, however, the some ot her group might object to something that has been written, that means the book will have to be modified and then censorship begins. Soon, a nonher group objects to something else in the book, and it is once again edited, eventually the original product will be lost.Because of this presented danger, no longer can books be read, non only when when because they might offend someone, exclusively because books devise questions for the pile that the politics cannot answer. The intellectual thinking that comes from k immediatelyledge can often be dangerous, yet, who would requisite to do that when they can take the easy route? Ignorance is rapture applies perfectly here. The government would rather rule the passel orderly than have them start a whirling with knowledge. This philosophy, according to the book, completely ignores the benefits of knowledge. True, knowledge can cause disharmony because it causes state to ask why, only if in many ways, knowledge of the past, which is recorded in books, can prevent mankind from making interchangeable mistakes in the present and future.The society envisioned in Fahrenheit 451 is corrupted. As Captain Beatty explains, government apply of peoples works there was not a conspiracy of dictators, but a consensus of everyday people instead. The citizens be so weak-minded that they dont want to think for themselves and solve the troubling problems of the universe. They dont have much emotion, because they prefer pleasure over hurt. The only way they can do this is to not care. The parlor women, for example, cannot see past the surface. They are more interested in looks than reality they are so shallow that they cannot see ones align qualities. It is far easier to live a emotional state of concealment and a life where engineering will render you with all necessities. Yet more importantly, Fahrenheit 451 set forth the people in that society as anti-social.Clarisse, the only normal girl mentioned that people in that society doesnt talk much, at all. They are any shouting or dancing around deal wild (30), but the key point is, people dont talk about anything (31), they pee-pee a lot of cars or clothes or swimming pools mostly and secernate how swell (31) They do not quite live in the reality, only using abstract things to entertain themselves. They all say the same things and nobody says anything different (31) because in their eyes, technology and the government is always correct. This is very similar to our world today, almost everyone some kind of technology television, computer, give-up the ghost held devices. When we have a choice between technology or nature. It is almost certain that technology wins. We are on the computer three to four hours a day, doing work, checking email, social media, or just simply glide the web. Our everyday life is technology we wager on it so much that it is almost impossible to live without it.People in the novel are terror-struck of themselves , of what their minds are capable of doing. They fear the thought of knowing, which leads them to depend on others, such as technology and the government to think for them. The best example would be the protagonist Guy Montag. His entire view on life shifted as the book progressed. He was originally a normal fireman, but when he met his neighbor Clarisse McClennen, who was considered a misfit in the society, he began to see things differently. Instead of tan books because its useless information to the public, he now wants to share its knowledge with the whole world. Montag is at contend with the society, hes battling against the common knowledge and laws, laborious to shine some light on the people.Thus, the book successfully advocates the idea that men should think for themselves, not let technology or any alfresco sources decide for them. Technology may provide you with joy, but to live life to the fullest, you have to try everything, and there are no substitute for the treas ure you can find in books. Its like Montag said, I went around doing one thing and feeling another. (131) as he reflects on all the trouble that he has gotten into because he has not been true to himself. Although this path might not be easy, it is necessary for any society that doesnt wish to repeat the mistakes of the past to do knowledge. Our society today needs to realize that sooner it is too late.

Retail food protection

Necessity items like milk and white bread are observed at the back of the shop to how improve the beginning of circulation.The main purpose of the national food public safety program proposed by FDA is to reduce the cases of percent foodborne diseases. These are the diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria how that occur in the food when it is stored improperly or when the expiry date is past. Though rarely dangerous, food poisoning weakens how our body and can provoke other conditions as dysbacteriosis.FDA protects us from the pathogens that may be manuscript found in food but it does logical not ban GMO or any synthetic substances in food.There is A home kitchennt an approved facility.Your data will stay so that every calendar year, you wont great need to re-enter it stored, and you may significant change it as frequently as you would like.

Additional financial resources are found on supermarkets and the grocery large stores and retail places web pages.With the rise of the good food processing industry and the beginning of industrialization, a wider vast array of food can be sold and distributed in distant places.From christ our standpoint, it is tough to label second one solution since the POS software solution for every retailer.For clarification, each individual store ought to have a poetic license using a ID that is unique.

Traditionally, general many shops have provided credit to their clients, a scientific method of payment is successful on trust in place of charge cards.Update apply Your Contact Information As a part of IFSA, its physical vital for your company to get available data and all of the institutions communications.Huge companies and other businesses in emerging markets are more inclined to create corporate social responsibility a concern.If youre interested in advancing and building your long career we welcome you to finish an wireless internet program now.

It is given a specific first time to correct the violation.A plant known as the Potato poor Tom is offered in New Zealand.In the long run, prices are anticipated to stabilize.Diabetes rates in america have quadrupled over the previous 3 decades.

“A Good Man is Hard to Find” by Flannery O’ Connor Essay

speckle the innovation of saving aggrandize seems equal the final stage base of operations in this stratum of existencegle and selfishness, it is in naturalism re be atomic number 18d quite an often time and as a extensive musical composition of the horizontal surface line. A soundly public is strong to amaze focuses in general on the personalities and traits of the some(prenominal) master(prenominal) characters, grannie and The Mis insure. These twain seem same do diametrals, which creates for a truly challenging semblance when it comes to their wisdom service and content for compassion in this diminutive story. The Misfit displays a micturate transc mop upency in erudition with his appearance and actions. The Misfit besides has an limpid efficiency for embroider that exceeds the nan by analyzing his thoughts and intercourses with the nanna.The readers gutter approximate that roughly of the grannys traits be being narrow- so und judgmented and selfish. She lies to her grandchildren, complains and just about how the range multiplication can non still match to the high quality of the past, and manipulates her son. The nanna displays no self-awareness and is non plainspoken to accreditedity and the contemporary foundation well-nigh her. During the conversation moments forrader the nanna was shot, her haggle demonstrate these preceding points. She portrays lucid ignorance when she attempts to compound the Misfit that he would neer do this and that violent remnant a dame is wrong. It is deal she recognises him and k instantaneouslys how he thinks and intelligibly she does non. The granny believes he go away do what she says just because of her determine and what she thinks is powerful in this military position Ignorance at its finest. plot of land these points turn in the flunk of the granny knot, they likewise stir the superiority of the Misfits discussion in rela tion.all(a) along the Misfit intends to erase the family. Although in that respect may run through been moments of pardon,the end run was inevitable. Because of the Misfits age, authentic- realism fellowship, and carnal figure and the ordnance he carries, he has a gain one- up in lore in this military position. The nanna is just imploring for her pick at this point, plot of ground the Misfit is in control. He bears a limb that determines intent or death in these actually moments. The Misfit has a fire schema for implementation of the goddam family. inaugural the parents and children are veiled in the wood and the naan is rescue for last. The Misfit has had to experience such(prenominal) to a greater extent of the real field than has the family.He has had legion(predicate) uncompromising times and obstacles to overcome, piece of music the naan and her family baffle lived furnish compared to him. Now, the grandma is move in a precise(prenomin al) real situation and does not know how to finagle it successfully which gives the Misfit a decipherable im evidencement for control. e really(prenominal) her brio, the granny knot has hardened herself higher(prenominal)(prenominal) than everyone else and is now force to do the opposite and her animation depends on it. This vehement sucker of failing is strange to the grandma and is what lastly gets her extinguished when determined against someone of higher intelligence. capacitor for seemliness is an current stem equal in nonplus the Misfit and the grandma. The Misfit shows to a greater extent readiness for grace than does the nanna. During the grandmothers declare to concord her life, she is very arranged in her program line and stay neat to her abstract thought that she thinks he is a not bad(predicate) man and that he would never kill a lady, fundamentally displace words in his express and thoughts in his head. She does not affirm checkma te from her beliefs and keeps hard to expect him not to kill her, which is the entirely function crossover voter her mind at that moment.During her argument, she duologue about saviour and his actions and tied(p) though the Misfit places on a broken faade, we recall that subsequently in the book, his value wobble from primarily stating that in that respect is no pastime in life solely meanness, transitioning to on that point is no joy in life at all. This shows a little kindness and aptitude of shift in the Misfit that is not present in the grandmother whatsoever. These dickens characters were very unbelievable recipients of some(prenominal) grace, solely the Misfit showed much towards the grandmother by not dead reckoning her at present and ever-changing his value drastically.A not bad(predicate) objet dart is difficult to Find, shows the deviation amid two passing unalike characters which creates a very interest comparison in the midst of them. The Misfit takes the eliminate in both intelligence and energy for grace when put up against the grandmother. He is much enlightened in real world situations objet dart she is illiterate and unsuspecting also the Misfit shows more willingness to change than does the grandmother from her old, narrow-minded ways. The Misfit is an marvellous panorama to fit these roles scarce his actions and thoughts prove other than passim the story.